Mars, too, has macroweather
Weather, which changes day-to-day due to constant fluctuations in the atmosphere, and climate, which varies over decades, are familiar. More recently, a third regime, called 鈥渕acroweather,鈥� has been used to describe the relatively stable regime between weather and climate.
A new study by researchers at 成人VR视频 and UCL finds that this same three-part pattern applies to atmospheric conditions on Mars. The results, published in Geophysical Research Letters, also show that the sun plays a major role in determining macroweather.
The research promises to advance scientists鈥� understanding of the dynamics of Earth鈥檚 own atmosphere 鈥� and could provide insights into the weather of Venus, Saturn鈥檚 moon Titan, and possibly the gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
The scientists chose to study Mars for its wealth of data with which to test their theory that a transitional 鈥渕acroweather鈥� regime exists on other planets. They used information collected from Viking 鈥� a Mars lander mission during the 1970s and 1980s -- and more recent data from a satellite orbiting Mars.
By taking into account how the sun heats Mars, as well as the thickness of the planet鈥檚 atmosphere, the scientists predicted that Martian temperature and wind would fluctuate similarly to Earth鈥檚 鈥� but that the transition from weather to macroweather would take place over 1.8 Martian days (about two Earth days), compared with a week to 10 days on Earth.
鈥淥ur analysis of the data from Mars confirmed this prediction quite accurately,鈥� said Shaun Lovejoy, a physics professor at 成人VR视频 in Montreal and lead author of the paper. 鈥淭his adds to evidence, from studies of Earth鈥檚 atmosphere and oceans, that the sun plays a central role in shaping the transition from short-term weather fluctuations to macroweather.鈥�
The findings also indicate that weather on Mars can be predicted with some skill up to only two days in advance, compared to Earth鈥檚 10 days.听
Co-author Professor Jan-Peter Muller from the UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, said: 鈥淲e鈥檙e going to have a very hard time predicting the weather on Mars beyond two days given what we have found in weather records there, which could prove tricky for the European lander and rover!鈥� 听
IMAGE:听A global mosaic of Mars from the Viking mission. CREDIT:听NASA/JPL
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S. Lovejoy, J.-P. Muller, J.P. Boisvert, 鈥淥n Mars too, expect macroweather,鈥� Geophysical Research Letters, Nov. 13, 2014. DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061861
About 成人VR视频
Founded in Montreal, Quebec, in 1821, 成人VR视频 is a leading Canadian post-secondary institution. It has two campuses, 11 faculties, 11 professional schools, 300 programs of study and some 39,000 students, including more than 9,300 graduate students. 成人VR视频 attracts students from over 150 countries around the world, its 8,200 international students making up 21 per cent of the student body.
About UCL (University College London)
Founded in 1826, UCL was the first English university established after Oxford and Cambridge, the first to admit students regardless of race, class, religion or gender, and the first to provide systematic teaching of law, architecture and medicine. We are among the world's top universities, as reflected by performance in a range of international rankings and tables. UCL currently has almost 29,000 students from 150 countries and in the region of 10,000 employees. Our annual income is more than 拢900 million.
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